Molding is a manufacturing process that involves shaping a liquid or malleable raw material using a fixed frame, commonly referred to as a mold or die. A mold is typically a hollow cavity made of metal into which liquid plastic, metal, ceramic, or glass is poured. In most cases, the mold is derived from an initial pattern or template of the final object. Its primary purpose is to reproduce multiple uniform copies of the end product. As the liquid cools and solidifies within the mold, the final configuration is achieved. Removal is facilitated using a release agent or ejector pins. The molding process has been used for centuries to create both simple and complex objects. Evidence of molding dates back to the Bronze Age, where stones were used as molds to produce spearheads. Modern Molding Techniques Modern molding processes include **plastic injection molding**, **liquid silicone rubber (LSR) molding**, **overmolding**, and **insert molding**. Customized prototypes and end-use parts are often produced using plastic injection molding. This process eliminates the need for embedded heating or cooling channels within the molds, allowing mold makers—also known as mold technicians—to carefully monitor fill pressure, aesthetics, and overall part quality. Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR) Molding LSR is a highly flexible material considered a thermoset polymer, meaning that once molded, it is permanent and cannot be re-melted like a thermoplastic. Specific LSR molding tools are designed using CNC machining, enabling various surface finish options for the end-use LSR part. Overmolding Overmolding allows a single part to contain multiple materials. After the base substrate is molded, overmolding tools are adjusted on the press. The substrate is then manually placed into the mold and coated with thermoplastic or liquid silicone rubber material. Insert Molding Similar to overmolding, insert molding typically involves pre-formed metal substrates that are overmolded with plastic to create the final product. This process is commonly used to add strength or functionality to parts. By combining precision and versatility, molding techniques continue to play a vital role in modern manufacturing.