Lathe machines that operate with computer assistance are known as CNC lathes. A CNC lathe primarily operates on two axes: The Z-axis, which allows the cutting tool to move longitudinally along the workpiece. The X-axis, which enables the cutting tool to advance radially across the diameter of the workpiece. Advanced CNC lathes also include a C-axis in addition to the X and Z axes. On a lathe with a C-axis, milling operations can also be performed on the workpiece. C-Axis Functionality The C-axis can position the workpiece at angles such as 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, or 90°. Its working principle resembles that of a vertical milling machine. The cutters used on the C-axis rotate around their own axis, similar to milling machines. During this operation, the workpiece is fixed at the desired angle, and the cutter processes the piece at the required angle using specific rotational speeds and feed rates. This allows the completion of milling and machining center operations on the lathe itself, eliminating the need for additional machines. As a result, the part is manufactured more efficiently, saving both time and labor. Operations Performed on a CNC Lathe Cylindrical turning Profile turning Facing Grooving Thread cutting Drilling Tapping threads Reaming Boring Internal grooving Face grooving Knurling Arc and chamfer operations, etc.